T- MEC- UMSCA: saldos, a dos años de vigencia
The proximity between Mexico and the United States generates synergies in favor of an integration process that advances fueled by two types of forces: some are generated in the market by companies, economic actors, institutions and social organizations, and others are created deliberately by state a...
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Posgrados de la División de Ciencias Económica Administrativas
2022
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oai:https:--indiciales.unison.mx-:article-402023-04-20T23:58:40Z T- MEC- UMSCA: saldos, a dos años de vigencia Vázquez Ruiz, Miguel Ángel Bocanegra Gastelum, Carmen O. TLCAN T-MEC integración profunda asimetrías interdependencia NAFTA T-MEC deep integration asymmetries interdependence The proximity between Mexico and the United States generates synergies in favor of an integration process that advances fueled by two types of forces: some are generated in the market by companies, economic actors, institutions and social organizations, and others are created deliberately by state apparatuses through the signing of agreements and treaties, such as the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), which evolved into the Mexico, United States, Canada Agreement (T-MEC). Together they add up to 28 years of formalized economic integration (26 of the first and two of the second). In this environment, the objective of this article is to analyze the balances shown for Mexico during the two years of validity of the T-MEC. Two results standout from the analysis: on the one hand, the trends of “trade creation” and investment are maintained, and on the other, this treaty covers issues of therelationship with North America that were not contemplated in NAFTA, such as changes in the rules of origin, the direct domain over Mexico’s hydrocarbons, agriculture, the environment, small and medium-sized enterprises and labor relations, among other issues that make the plot of asymmetrical interdependence relations between the two countries more complex.The methodology is documentary, descriptive and analytical and its main input was the content of the T-MEC chapters, highlighting the study of thosechapters that have the greatest impact on relations between Mexico and the United States. La vecindad entre México y Estados Unido genera sinergias a favor de un proceso de integración que avanza alimentado por dos tipos de fuerzas: unas las que se generan en el mercado por empresas, actores económicos, instituciones y organizaciones sociales, y otras las que son creadas deliberadamente por los aparatos del Estado a través de la firma de acuerdos y tratados, como el Tratado de Libre Comercio de América del Norte ( TLCAN), el cual evolucionó hacia el Tratado México, Estados Unidos, Canadá (T-MEC-UMSCA en ingles). En conjunto suman 28 años de integración económica formalizada (26 delprimero y dos del segundo). En ese entorno el objetivo del presente artículo es analizar los saldos arrojados para México durante los dos años de vigencia del T-MEC. Del análisis destacan dos resultados: por un lado, las tendencias de “creación de comercio” e inversiones se mantienen, y por otro, este tratado cubre temas de la relación con América del Norte que no estaban contemplados en el TLCAN, como son los cambios en las reglas de origen, el dominio directo sobre los hidrocarburos de México, agricultura, medio ambiente, pequeñas y medianas empresas y relaciones laborales, entre otros temas que hacen más compleja la trama de las relaciones de interdependencia asimétrica entre ambos países. La metodología es documental, descriptiva y analítica y tuvo como insumo principal el contenido de los capítulos del T-MEC, destacándose el estudiode aquellos capítulos que tienen mayor impacto para las relaciones entre México y Estados Unidos. Posgrados de la División de Ciencias Económica Administrativas 2022-09-27 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Articulo evaluado por pares application/pdf https://indiciales.unison.mx/index.php/Indicial/article/view/40 10.52906/ind.v4i4.40 Indiciales; Vol. 1 Núm. 4 (2022): REVISTA INDICIALES; 15-26 2954-3649 10.52906/ind.v4i4 spa https://indiciales.unison.mx/index.php/Indicial/article/view/40/46 Derechos de autor 2022 Miguel Ángel Vázquez Ruiz, Carmen |
| institution |
Indiciales |
| collection |
OJS |
| language |
spa |
| format |
Online |
| author |
Vázquez Ruiz, Miguel Ángel Bocanegra Gastelum, Carmen O. |
| spellingShingle |
Vázquez Ruiz, Miguel Ángel Bocanegra Gastelum, Carmen O. T- MEC- UMSCA: saldos, a dos años de vigencia |
| author_facet |
Vázquez Ruiz, Miguel Ángel Bocanegra Gastelum, Carmen O. |
| author_sort |
Vázquez Ruiz, Miguel Ángel |
| title |
T- MEC- UMSCA: saldos, a dos años de vigencia |
| title_short |
T- MEC- UMSCA: saldos, a dos años de vigencia |
| title_full |
T- MEC- UMSCA: saldos, a dos años de vigencia |
| title_fullStr |
T- MEC- UMSCA: saldos, a dos años de vigencia |
| title_full_unstemmed |
T- MEC- UMSCA: saldos, a dos años de vigencia |
| title_sort |
t- mec- umsca: saldos, a dos años de vigencia |
| description |
The proximity between Mexico and the United States generates synergies in favor of an integration process that advances fueled by two types of forces: some are generated in the market by companies, economic actors, institutions and social organizations, and others are created deliberately by state apparatuses through the signing of agreements and treaties, such as the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), which evolved into the Mexico, United States, Canada Agreement (T-MEC). Together they add up to 28 years of formalized economic integration (26 of the first and two of the second).
In this environment, the objective of this article is to analyze the balances shown for Mexico during the two years of validity of the T-MEC. Two results standout from the analysis: on the one hand, the trends of “trade creation” and investment are maintained, and on the other, this treaty covers issues of therelationship with North America that were not contemplated in NAFTA, such as changes in the rules of origin, the direct domain over Mexico’s hydrocarbons, agriculture, the environment, small and medium-sized enterprises and labor relations, among other issues that make the plot of asymmetrical interdependence relations between the two countries more complex.The methodology is documentary, descriptive and analytical and its main input was the content of the T-MEC chapters, highlighting the study of thosechapters that have the greatest impact on relations between Mexico and the United States. |
| publisher |
Posgrados de la División de Ciencias Económica Administrativas |
| publishDate |
2022 |
| url |
https://indiciales.unison.mx/index.php/Indicial/article/view/40 |
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